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Generations in Telecommunication (1G, 2G, 3G, 4G)


Parameters 1G 2G 3G 4G
Image
1G mobile phone
1G mobile phone
1G mobile phone
1G mobile phone
Name 1st Generation Mobile Network 2nd Generation Mobile Network 3rd Generation Mobile Network 4th Generation Mobile Network
Introduced in year 1980s 1993 2001 2009
Location of first commercialization USA Finland Japan South Korea
Technology AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System), NMT, TACS IS-95, GSM IMT2000, WCDMA LTE, WiMAX
Multiple Address/Access system FDMA TDMA, CDMA CDMA CDMA
Switching type Circuit switching Circuit switching for Voice and Packet switching for Data Packet switching except for Air Interface Packet switching
Speed (data rates) 2.4 Kbps to 14.4 kbps 14.4 Kbps 3.1 Mbps 100 Mbps
Special Characteristic First wireless communication Digital version of 1G technology Digital broadband, speed increments Very high speeds, All IP
Features Voice only Multiple users on single channel Multimedia features, Video Call High Speed, real time streaming
Supports Voice only Voice and Data Voice and Data Voice and Data
Internet service No Internet Narrowband Broadband Ultra Broadband
Bandwidth Analog 25 MHz 25 MHz 100 MHz
Operating frequencies 800 MHz GSM: 900MHZ, 1800MHz CDMA: 800MHz 2100 MHz 850 MHz, 1800 MHz
Band (Frequency) type Narrow band Narrow band Wide band Ultra Wide Band
Carrier frequency 30 KHZ 200 KHz 5 MHz 15 MHz
Advantage Simpler (less complex) network elements Multimedia features (SMS, MMS), Internet access and SIM introduced High security, international roaming Speed, High speed handoffs, MIMO technology, Global mobility
Disadvantages Limited capacity, not secure, poor battery life, large phone size, background interference Low network range, slow data rates High power consumption, Low network coverage, High cost of spectrum licence Hard to implement, complicated hardware required
Applications Voice Calls Voice calls, Short messages, browsing (partial) Video conferencing, mobile TV, GPS High speed applications, mobile TV, Wearable devices








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